课程短文

While volunteers may provide community service, not everyone taking part in a community service program is a volunteer, because not everyone is doing it through their own choice.

虽然志愿者可以提供社区服务，但并不是每一个参与社区服务的人都是志愿者，因为不是每个人都是自愿选择参与服务的。连接词while在句中意思是“虽然，尽管”，与although, despite the fact that同 义。例 如：While I fully understand your point of view, I do also have some sympathy with Michael's. 尽管我完全能理解你的观点，但我在一定程度上也赞同迈克尔的看法。现在分词短语taking part in a community service program是后置定语，修饰前面的代词everyone。take part in 参加，参与。例如：All the children took part in the Thanksgiving play this year. 今年，所有的孩子都参加了感恩节的表演。

Sometimes people are asked to do it by their government, as part of a citizenship requirement instead of military service.

有时，政府要求人们从事社区服务来代替服兵役，履行公民的义务。instead of 取代，替代。例如：We just had a light / small meal instead of a heavy / large meal. 我们没有吃丰盛的大餐，只是简单地吃了一顿饭。

Sometimes people are asked to do it by their school, to meet the requirements of a class, or to meet the requirements of graduation, or, in the case of parents, required to provide a certain number of hours of service in order for their child to be enrolled in a school or sports team.

有时，为满足课程学习需要或者达到毕业要求，学校会规定学生必须参加数小时的社区服务；有时，学校对家长也有同样的要求，这样他们的孩子才能被学校录取或者加入运动队。介词短语in the case of 表示“至于，......来说”。例如：Failure is no shame in the case of a scientist. 就科学家而言，失败并不是什么羞耻之事。过去分词短语required to provide ... service作定语，修饰前面的名词parents，过去分词作定语时表示被动，可改写为 who are required to provide a certain number of hours of service，说明父母应承担的责任和义务。in order for sb. to do sth. 为了某人能做某事。例如：Further information on tobacco prevention activities is needed in order for the community to get a clear picture. 为了让社区居民全面了解禁烟活动，还需提供更详细的资料。

Community service performed by young people, also known as youth service, is intended to strengthen young peoples' senses of civic engagement and community, and to help them achieve their educational, developmental and social goals.

由年轻人完成的社区服务，也就是青年服务，旨在增强年轻人的公民参与意识与社区参与感，同时也帮助他们实现接受教育、自我发展和参与社会活动等目标。过去分词短语performed by young people作定语，修饰community service。两个并列的不定式结构to strengthen young peoples' senses of civic engagement and community 和to help them achieve their educational, developmental and social goals作目的状语。be intended to do sth. 目的在于，旨在。例如：The course is intended for intermediate-level students to learn about social work. 这门课是为中等水平的学生了解社会工作而开设的。

However, some colleges prefer work experience over community service, and some require that their students also participate in community service in order to graduate.

然而，有的院校更看重学生的工作经验而不是社区服务，有的院校则要求学生参与社区服务才能毕业。prefer更喜欢，宁愿，为及物动词，后跟名词、动名词或不定式。例如：I prefer some apples. / I prefer having (to have) some apples.我更喜欢吃苹果。prefer A over B 喜欢A胜过喜欢B，prefer A to B 在A 和B 中更喜欢A，两者意思相近。例如：I prefer red wine over white. 比起白葡萄酒，我更喜欢红葡萄酒。I prefer cooking at home to eating out.我愿意在家做饭，不愿出去吃。participate in 参加，参与。例如：She never participates in any of our discussions. 她从不参与我们的任何讨论。